![]() However, 40 years on, it has proven useful to historians and has been supported by findings in archaeology and archaeobotany. The name was coined by the historian Andrew Watson in an influential but at the time controversial 1974 paper. The revolution was first described by the historian Antonio Garcia Maceira in 1876. These changes made agriculture far more productive, supporting population growth, urbanisation, and increased stratification of society. Archaeological evidence demonstrates improvements in animal husbandry and in irrigation such as with the saqiyah waterwheel. Medieval Arab historians and geographers described al-Andalus as a fertile and prosperous region with abundant water, full of fruit from trees such as the olive and pomegranate. The agronomic literature of the time, with major books by Ibn Bassal and Abū l-Khayr al-Ishbīlī, demonstrates the extensive diffusion of useful plants to Medieval Spain ( al-Andalus), and the growth in Islamic scientific knowledge of agriculture and horticulture. ![]() The Arab Agricultural Revolution was the transformation in agriculture in the Old World during the Islamic Golden Age (8th to 13th centuries). The Arabs transformed agriculture during the Islamic Golden Age by spreading major crops and techniques such as irrigation across the Old World. Arab transformation of agriculture in Medieval Spain ![]()
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